Bar effect on gas-phase abundance gradients. I. Data sample and chemical abundances

Studies of gas-phase radial metallicity profiles in spirals published in the last decade have diminished the importance of galactic bars as agents that mix and flatten the profiles, contradicting results obtained in the 1990s. We have collected a large sample of 2831 published H II region emission-line fluxes in 51 nearby galaxies, including objects both with and without the presence of a bar, with the aim of revisiting the issue of whether bars affect the radial metal distribution in spirals. In this first paper of a series of two, we present the galaxy and the H II region samples. The methodology is homogeneous for the whole data sample and includes the derivation of H II region chemical abundances, structural parameters of bars and discs, galactocentric distances, and radial abundance profiles. We have obtained O/H and N/O abundance ratios from the T<SUB>e</SUB>-based (direct) method for a subsample of 610 regions, and from a variety of strong-line methods for the whole H II region sample. The strong-line methods have been evaluated in relation to the T<SUB>e</SUB>-based one from both a comparison of the derived O/H and N/O abundances for individual H II regions and a comparison of the abundance gradients derived from both methodologies. The median value and the standard deviation of the gradient distributions depend on the abundance method, and those based on the O3N2 indicator tend to flatten the steepest profiles, reducing the range of observed gradients. A detailed analysis and discussion of the derived O/H and N/O radial abundance gradients and y-intercepts for barred and unbarred galaxies is presented in the companion Paper II. The whole H II region catalogue including emission-line fluxes, positions, and derived abundances is made publicly available on the CDS VizieR facility, together with the radial abundance gradients for all galaxies.